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Alexandria's ghost would recognize today's war on expertise

From ancient Alexandria to modern Texas, the pattern remains: attack the evidence, silence the teacher, claim divine authority

Culture Desk
April 24, 2026 · 5 min read
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Hypatia of Alexandria drew her final breath in 415 CE, torn apart by a Christian mob for the heresy of teaching mathematics and astronomy. Her crime was not challenging specific astronomical theories — she taught the accepted geocentric model of her time — but representing the dangerous principle that knowledge should be pursued through reason rather than religious decree. Sixteen centuries later, philosophy professor Martin Peterson was restricted from teaching Plato at Texas A&M University due to Board of Regents policies on race and gender instruction, his excerpt from *The Symposium* caught in administrative restrictions.

What would history's first recorded martyr of anti-intellectualism recognize in our current moment? Everything.

The methods haven't changed: reject the evidence, attack the messenger, claim moral authority over empirical truth.

Today's science denialism follows the same playbook that killed Hypatia. According to physicist Michio Kaku, as reported by Newsweek, a growing number of scientists have died or gone missing under unexplained circumstances — a pattern so concerning he's calling the phenomenon a national security issue. "If 10 scientists suddenly die or vanish who all have access to sensitive research, this is cause for national concern," Kaku told Fox News Digital.

The attacks aren't always physical. At Texas A&M, Martin Peterson discovered that teaching ancient Greek philosophy violated Board of Regents restrictions on race and gender instruction, according to The Chronicle of Higher Education. Peterson, who planned to assign an excerpt from Plato's *Symposium*, was told by his department chair that the 2,400-year-old text crossed administrative red lines. He's leaving the university in July.

Meanwhile, in Congress, Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez confronted Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. in what USA Today described as an "animated conversation" following a hearing. Photos captured the pair in what appeared to be an intense exchange after Ocasio-Cortez challenged Kennedy on healthcare policy, though neither has addressed what was said.

The Alexandria PatternIn 4th-century Alexandria, religious authorities couldn't refute Hypatia's mathematics, so they destroyed the mathematician. Today's anti-intellectual movements follow identical tactics: when evidence contradicts ideology, eliminate the evidence-gatherers.

The irony is that we live in an age of unprecedented scientific mystery. According to Orbital Today, "We have never understood the world better — and the list of things science can't answer has never been longer." Matter-antimatter asymmetry, consciousness, dark energy, fast radio bursts — the frontiers of physics teem with genuine unknowns that would fascinate any honest inquirer.

Yet instead of embracing these authentic mysteries, anti-science movements manufacture false controversies. Climate data becomes "fake news." Evolutionary biology becomes "just a theory." Ancient philosophy becomes subject to political restrictions. The pattern Hypatia faced — substituting political orthodoxy for empirical investigation — repeats across disciplines.

Philosopher Meghan Sullivan, profiled by WUNC, sees this crisis affecting everyone from Silicon Valley engineers to college students. "Around here, as a result of this ubiquity of artificial intelligence, a whole lot of people are having these philosophical questions and crises right now," Sullivan observes. Her solution echoes Hypatia's method: ask questions that help people "realize they have more options than they've let themselves believe."

What Hypatia Would Recognize
  • Evidence dismissed when contradicting political doctrine
  • Teachers silenced for presenting established knowledge
  • Complex questions reduced to loyalty tests
  • Mob dynamics replacing reasoned debate

Sullivan's approach mirrors the Socratic method that made ancient Alexandria a beacon of learning. Rather than preaching, she asks questions — the same technique that made Hypatia dangerous to authorities who preferred unquestioning obedience. "It's totally in the interest of politicians and very powerful corporate leaders to make you feel like you have no choice," Sullivan notes.

The comparison isn't hyperbolic. Hypatia's Alexandria was cosmopolitan, polyglot, scientifically advanced — until religious fundamentalism turned toward destroying what preceded it. Libraries burned. Scholars fled. Within a generation, the city that had mapped the stars and calculated Earth's circumference became something else entirely: a place where such knowledge was dangerous.

Representative Eric Burlison's call for federal involvement in handling cases of missing scientists, as reported by Newsweek, suggests some officials recognize what's at stake. When researchers with access to sensitive projects start disappearing, the threat extends beyond individual safety to the entire infrastructure of inquiry and discovery.

The pattern extends beyond science. Peterson's departure from Texas A&M for teaching Plato reveals how broadly anti-intellectual sentiment has spread. If ancient philosophy threatens contemporary ideology, what academic discipline remains untouchable? What question can't be reframed as political subversion?


Hypatia understood something our age struggles to accept: truth exists independently of our preferences. Mathematical relationships don't care about religious doctrine. Planetary motion doesn't bow to political convenience. Evolution doesn't pause for cultural comfort.

This independence — truth's refusal to conform to human wishes — is precisely what makes knowledge both powerful and dangerous to those who seek control. Authoritarian movements throughout history have recognized that controlling information means controlling people. When citizens can verify claims independently, democracy functions. When expertise becomes suspect, tyranny finds fertile ground.

What would Hypatia say about today's science denialism? Probably what she said to her students in ancient Alexandria: ask better questions, demand better evidence, and never let anyone convince you that ignorance is virtue. The methods of inquiry she died defending remain our best tools for distinguishing truth from prejudice, signal from noise, knowledge from mere opinion.

Sixteen centuries after her murder, we're still fighting the same war she lost — and won. She lost her life but won immortality for the idea that evidence matters more than authority, that questions matter more than compliance, that seeking truth is worth any risk. In our current moment of manufactured ignorance, that victory feels both distant and urgently necessary.

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Culture Desk
Multiple Perspectives

The Herald presents multiple viewpoints on significant stories. These perspectives reflect a range of positions, not the publication's own stance.

Academic Freedom Under Siege

Martin Peterson's departure from Texas A&M represents a broader assault on educational independence. When Board of Regents policies on race and gender instruction can restrict teaching of ancient philosophical texts, the academy has abandoned its core mission. The pattern extends beyond individual cases to systematic suppression of inquiry across multiple disciplines and institutions.

Scientific Community Under Threat

Michio Kaku's warnings about missing scientists reveal a troubling escalation in attacks on researchers. When scientists with access to sensitive projects face unexplained deaths or disappearances, the problem threatens the entire infrastructure of scientific discovery. The clustering of cases suggests coordinated targeting rather than isolated incidents, warranting federal attention.

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